Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology•2026•DOI: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202604002
A robust analytical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 22 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in surface water using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). To address the loss of particle-bound PFAS, the method incorporates a methanol extraction step for particulate matter retained on filters, followed by combining the extract with the filtrate. Samples were then concentrated and purified using weak anion exchange (WAX) solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges. After nitrogen evaporation, the residue was reconstituted in methanol/water (8:2, v/v) and filtered prior to analysis. Quantification was performed using isotope dilution. The method exhibited excellent linearity (R² > 0.995) over a concentration range of 1–250 µg/L. Method detection limits ranged from 0.2 to 0.6 ng/L, and method quantification limits from 0.8 to 2.4 ng/L. Recoveries in blank water and surface water matrices were 85.3%–139% and 76.4%–127%, respectively, with relative standard deviations (RSD, n=6) below 15%. Compared to conventional methods without particulate extraction, this approach significantly improved recovery rates in surface water, effectively eliminating negative bias caused by particle adsorption. The method is sensitive, accurate, and reliable, making it suitable for routine monitoring of PFAS in surface water.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-026-4169-9
Transition metal fluorides (TMFs) are promising cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high theoretical capacity and energy density, yet their practical application is hindered by low utilization rates stemming from particle sizes exceeding the effective Li+ transport distance (<20 nm). This work introduces a multiphase metal fluoride composite (MMFC) synthesized via a hydrothermal method, leveraging high-entropy concepts and interface engineering to enhance electrochemical performance. The MMFC, after annealing at 400°C (MMFC-400), exhibits high specific capacity, excellent rate capability, and cycling stability. The multiphase interfaces accelerate Li+ migration kinetics and provide additional active sites, addressing the limitations of conventional TMF cathodes. This study proposes a multiphase interfacial energy storage strategy for advanced TMF cathodes, offering a pathway to high-performance LIBs.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-3342-5
Analogue compute-in-memory (ACIM) systems leveraging memristor crossbar arrays offer exceptional energy efficiency and parallelism for neural network classification tasks but face critical limitations in regression tasks requiring high dynamic range and floating-point precision. The reliance on low-precision integer computations and susceptibility to noise accumulation restrict their applicability to complex regression problems such as object detection. This work presents the memristor-based AnDi architecture, a dual-domain system integrating ACIM arrays with digital cores to overcome these limitations. The architecture incorporates a dual-domain floating-point processor (DDFP) that enables seamless data conversion between analogue and digital domains. A quantization unit transforms floating-point feature maps into 8-bit integer (INT-8) representations with 15-bit floating-point (FP-15) scaling factors, while a dequantization unit recovers high-precision FP-32 outputs. Experimental validation demonstrates that during 256 × 256 floating-point matrix multiplication, the ACIM array consumes 98.7% of total energy, whereas the DDFP processor accounts for only 1.3%, achieving significant energy efficiency. The hybrid mapper flexibly distributes matrix multiplication across both domains with single row and column granularity, enhancing floating-point compatibility, accuracy, and array spatial utilization compared to pure ACIM systems. This dual-domain approach addresses the fundamental bottlenecks of traditional ACIM in floating-point compatibility, noise accumulation, and array utilization, enabling high-precision regression tasks while maintaining energy efficiency. The system integrates up to 12 memristor arrays and an RISC-V softcore CPU on a Xilinx FPGA, demonstrating a viable path for deploying advanced neural network applications in edge computing environments.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-3580-0
Hydrogel-based one-dimensional fibers offer a route to smart textiles, yet cyclic deformation fractures low-energy amorphous crosslinks, causing fatigue and hysteresis that degrade mechanical performance. This study integrates an Ecoflex elastomer backbone into an organic hydrogel to fabricate composite fibers (OHEF) with enhanced fatigue resistance and eliminated hysteresis. After 10,000 cycles at 200% strain, mechanical properties show no significant degradation. The strain sensor exhibits a gauge factor of ~3.0, response time of 140 ms, recovery time of 130 ms, and repeatability over 10,000 cycles at 70% strain. The OHEF also resists dehydration and freezing, enabling smart textiles that detect deformation, temperature, proximity, and pressure, and perform passive sensing via triboelectric nanogenerator principles. These results demonstrate a viable path for durable, multi-sensing hydrogel fibers in wearable electronics.