SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-026-4425-4
Flexible and weavable alternating-current electroluminescent (ACEL) fiber devices are pivotal for wearable displays and human-computer interfaces, yet their intrinsic lack of color tunability restricts high-density information interaction. This study presents a dynamically color-tunable electroluminescent fiber device with a coaxial winding structure that integrates multiple fiber electrodes emitting the three primary colors. Through simple voltage driving, the device achieves a color gamut covering 131.07% of the sRGB standard, enabling arbitrary full-color tunability, including standard white light with CIE coordinates of (0.31, 0.33). The emission peak is continuously tunable over a 161.7 nm range, a 4-fold enhancement compared to previously reported ACEL fibers. The coaxial winding architecture is compatible with large-scale fabrication, yielding hundred-meter-scale fiber devices with a luminance variation of only 2.76%. The electroluminescent performance remains stable under stringent industrial standards: 10,000 friction cycles, 20 accelerated washing cycles, and 10-day storage at 105 °C and −20 °C. Integration into a smart textile watchband demonstrates real-time heart rate visualization via progress color changes and gesture-controlled color switching, validating its potential as an effective human-computer interface.
Environmental Chemistry•2026•DOI: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2024112106
Selective synergistic catalytic elimination (SSCE) of CH3SH and CO2 represents a significant approach towards achieving green chemistry objectives. In this study, a series of Al2O3 catalysts with different surface hydroxyl coordination states were designed and fabricated through a simple water bath strategy. The performance of the corresponding catalysts for selective synergistic catalytic elimination of CH3SH and CO2 was systematically evaluated. The catalysts were comprehensively characterized by BET, XRD, XPS, NMR and CO-DRIFTS techniques. The experimental results revealed that the synthesized samples exhibited uniform specific surface areas (150 m2·g−1) and pore sizes (12 nm), while demonstrating varying hydroxyl coordination states, which significantly affects the surface acidity of W-Al2O3 catalyst. Notably, W80-Al2O3, synthesized at 80 °C via water bath heating, displayed the highest proportion of μ1-type hydroxyl coordination. This unique structural feature endowed the catalyst with enhanced Brønsted acidity and superior CO adsorption capacity compared to other catalysts, which significantly promotes the further hydrogenation of CO to CH4 in the SSCE process. As a result, the SSCE performance of W80-Al2O3 was significantly improved, achieving complete conversion of CH3SH (100%) and a CH4 product concentration of 1326 μmol·g−1, which is significantly higher than that of Al2O3 (56 μmol·g−1) and W-Al2O3 (54 μmol·g−1). This work provides a new strategy for the synergistic reduction of typical sulfur-containing odorous pollutants and carbon dioxide.
Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering•2026•DOI: 10.12030/j.cjee.202511050
Municipal solid waste (MSW) management in Inner Mongolia has long relied on landfilling, facing land scarcity and leachate management challenges. This study addresses the region's dry, cold climate, high proportion of agricultural and livestock waste, fluctuating moisture content, and weak leachate treatment capacity. An engineering optimization was implemented on an 80 t·d−1 vertical rotary gasification-incineration system featuring a dual-combustion-chamber design (primary chamber for medium-temperature pyrolysis-gasification at 550–650 °C and secondary chamber for high-temperature oxidation above 900 °C), coupled with in-situ leachate recirculation. Field measurements showed improved processing capacity and continuous operation stability. Under the project's leachate yield, in-situ recirculation achieved on-site disposal without significant adverse effects on gasification-incineration conditions, providing buffering against moisture fluctuations. During the monitoring period, major gaseous pollutant emissions remained below current national standards. The results provide engineering references for the co-processing and stable operation of small-scale county-level MSW treatment facilities.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-4068-2
Eutectic high-entropy alloys (EHEAs) combine multi-principal-element compositions with regular lamellar microstructures, offering exceptional high-temperature stability and mechanical properties. However, conventional casting yields random solidification microstructures and inhomogeneous phase distributions, constraining strength-ductility synergy. This study employs directional solidification (DS) on Al19Fe20Co20Ni41 EHEA to achieve precise microstructural control, constructing a multi-level lamellar architecture with a herringbone-like alternating arrangement. This tailored microstructure refines interlamellar spacing, eliminates detrimental isolated B2 phases, and promotes slip continuity at interfaces, enhancing coordinated dislocation motion and uniform distribution across multiple slip systems. Consequently, the DS EHEA exhibits superior mechanical properties compared to most reported thermomechanically processed and directionally solidified HEAs. Micro-mechanistic analysis reveals that homogenized geometrically necessary dislocation (GND) density, interface-assisted crack deflection, and multi-stage strain-hardening from sequential dislocation activation collectively contribute to outstanding strength-ductility synergy. This work demonstrates that programming solidification paths enables design of unique multi-level lamellar architectures, serving as intrinsic microstructural composites that optimize dislocation management and crack propagation, offering a novel paradigm for developing ultra-robust EHEAs for extreme service environments.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-026-4125-8
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) require advanced interfacial modification materials to mitigate defects and ion migration that limit efficiency and stability. This study presents a low-cost, highly efficient screening methodology based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations to identify superior interface modifiers. The effectiveness of this method is experimentally validated. Methyl 1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylate (TZMC) is screened as a superior molecule that simultaneously passivates perovskite defects and suppresses ion migration through a synergistic effect: coordination with Pb2+ via carbonyl oxygen and imidazole nitrogen, and stabilization of I− via N–H···I hydrogen bonding. This mechanism reduces non-radiative recombination, enhancing both open-circuit voltage (VOC) and fill factor (FF). TZMC-modified PSCs achieve a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.44% and significantly improved operational stability under continuous illumination and resistance to water/oxygen. Comprehensive characterization confirms reduced defect density and increased ion migration barriers. This work demonstrates the success of DFT-guided design in advancing interfacial modification materials for high-performance PSCs, transforming interface engineering from trial-and-error to rational design and providing a framework for high-throughput screening.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-3325-6
The urgent need for renewable energy has driven rapid advancements in hydrogen production technologies. Among these, water electrolysis for green hydrogen, recognized for its significant environmental benefits, has garnered increasing attention and emerged as a critical technology for achieving carbon neutrality and peak carbon emissions targets. Currently, the mainstream electrolyzers include alkaline water electrolyzers (AWE), proton exchange membrane electrolyzers (PEM), and anion exchange membrane electrolyzers (AEM). However, these technologies face significant challenges in large-scale industrial applications, including high costs, limited hydrogen production efficiency, and insufficient durability. Consequently, the development of innovative electrolyzers that combine high efficiency, low cost, and long lifespan has become imperative. In this review, the innovative design of bipolar membrane electrolyzers is first introduced. Subsequently, several types of advanced electrolyzers are summarized, including semi-vapor electrolyzers, electrolyzers employing flow-engineered three-dimensional electrodes, quasi-gas-phase electrolyzers, and bioinspired structural electrolyzers, and their specific advantages and potential applications are discussed in detail. Following this, this review delves into two key strategies for achieving membrane-free electrolyzers, analyzing their design principles and practical applicability. Last but not least, the challenges faced by the further development of electrolyzers were analyzed, and potential solutions were proposed, aiming to promote breakthrough advancements in hydrogen production through water electrolysis.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-3466-1
The relationship between tensile and fatigue properties in Al alloys remains vague because strengthening often affects fatigue damage in many aspects. In this study, 7xxx Al alloys were strengthened solely by varying the precipitate content while keeping both the overall microstructure and damage mechanisms consistent, so as to examine the intrinsic effect of strengthening on fatigue performance. The results show that there was an increment of 100 MPa in tensile strength, while the fatigue strength remained nearly unchanged. Further analysis indicates that the strengthening had a dual-edged effect: strengthening enhanced the whole resistance to plastic deformation, while also causing strain localization. Combining our previous models associated with tensile and fatigue properties, a relationship between yield and fatigue strengths is established, which shows a first increasing and then declining trend in fatigue strength with increasing yield strength, leaving a relatively stable region in between. This explains the plateau phenomenon of fatigue strength in a middle yield strength range for high-strength 7xxx alloys.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-3327-8
Biodegradable zinc (Zn) alloys have emerged as viable candidates for medium- to high-load-bearing implants, outperforming magnesium alloys in strength and ductility while exhibiting in vivo degradation rates that align with vascular (3–6 months) and bone (2–3 months) healing. Clinical translation has advanced to maxillofacial fixation, interference screws, and drug-eluting coronary stents. Alloy design has evolved from Zn-Mg and Zn-Li systems to Zn-Mn alloys that achieve 143% room-temperature elongation via surface-roughness-induced plasticity. Conventional strengthening relies on grain refinement, yet fine-grained Zn alloys suffer reduced creep resistance at body temperature (0.45 homologous temperature). A paradigm shift was introduced by Nie’s group: coarse-grained Zn-0.2Mg (47 μm) exhibits higher yield strength than fine-grained (11 μm) counterparts, defying the Hall-Petch relationship. This anomaly arises from accommodation twinning that maintains intergranular cohesion, shifting deformation from intergranular to intragranular mechanisms. Multi-component alloys (Zn-0.2Mg-0.1Cu-0.2Mn) achieve compressive yield strengths exceeding 400 MPa with grain sizes of 10–50 μm, alongside improved creep resistance and acceptable cytotoxicity relative to Mg-Zn-Ca. A 6-week in vivo study confirmed appropriate degradation. These findings establish grain coarsening as a counterintuitive but effective pathway for designing stronger, more durable biodegradable Zn alloys for load-bearing applications.