SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-026-4262-7
The escalating demands of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and neural computing necessitate multifunctional optoelectronic devices capable of integrating sensing, memory, and processing. Two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) offer unique advantages, yet their practical deployment is hindered by complex architectures and inefficient mode-switching. Here, we demonstrate a MoTe2/SnS2 anti-ambipolar heterojunction device enabling single-gate reconfiguration among frequency doubling, broadband photodetection, and neuromorphic computing. The device exhibits a peak-to-valley ratio (PVR) of 465, ensuring efficient frequency doubling. As a photodetector, it operates across an exceptionally broad spectral range of 520–2200 nm, with outstanding responsivity and detectivity. Furthermore, the device emulates complete synaptic behaviors, including short-term plasticity (STP), long-term plasticity (LTP), and paired-pulse facilitation (PPF). Integrated into a reservoir computing (RC) system trained on a vehicle motion dataset, it achieves a directional recognition accuracy of 98.7%. This work establishes a paradigm for multifunctional integration and low-power neuromorphic computing, advancing next-generation intelligent optoelectronic systems.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-3782-0
Oral mucositis (OM) is a debilitating complication of cancer therapy, characterized by severe pain, mucosal barrier breakdown, and infection risk. Current hydrogel-based topical systems suffer from poor transmucosal permeation and lack of inflammatory microenvironment-triggered drug release. Here, we report a supramolecular strategy for designing guanosine-fibril hydrogels and derived microneedle patches. Tavaborole (Ta), crisaborole (Cr), and strontium (Sr2+) ions serve dual roles as structural building blocks and biofunctional agents. Unlike conventional G4·K+ fibrils, the unique G4·Sr2+-Ta/Cr fibrils incorporate Ta/Cr via boronic ester bonds on guanosine and Sr2+ through G-quartet cation recognition. This design mechanically reinforces the hydrogel through additional hydrophobic interactions and ion-pair recognition, while synergistically providing antimicrobial/anti-inflammatory effects (Ta/Cr), pro-angiogenic activity (Sr2+), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging (guanosine). The optimized gelation process enables fabrication of microneedle patches with pseudomembrane-penetrating capability and ROS-triggered drug release via boronic ester hydrolysis. In vivo mouse experiments confirm efficacy in controlling OM-associated inflammation, modulating oral microbiota homeostasis, and promoting angiogenesis at ulcer sites. This work demonstrates multifunctional integration via hierarchical structural design, extending guanosine supramolecular assemblies into bioactive platforms for OM treatment.
Environmental Chemistry•2026•DOI: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2025033102
Olfaction is crucial for fish survival in complex aquatic environments, enabling detection and discrimination of odor signals that regulate foraging, predator avoidance, social interaction, courtship, and migration. The fish olfactory system, directly exposed to water, is highly susceptible to aquatic pollutants such as heavy metals and pesticides. This review summarizes the composition and structure of the fish olfactory system, the process of olfactory response, and current research on olfactory toxicity of major aquatic pollutants. Key findings indicate that pollutants like copper and cadmium disrupt olfactory epithelium integrity, alter olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) populations, and impair odor-driven behaviors. For instance, copper exposure in larval zebrafish causes differential death and regeneration of OSN populations, leading to neurobehavioral deficits. Cadmium exposure in juvenile coho salmon differentially alters odorant-driven behaviors and olfactory receptor expression. The review highlights the need for further research on mechanisms, mixture effects, and development of biomarkers for early warning. Understanding olfactory toxicity is vital for ecological risk assessment and for developing fish-based biosensors for water quality monitoring.
Environmental Chemistry•2026•DOI: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2025040102
Calcium peroxide (CaO2) with a rich porous structure was synthesized via chemical precipitation for efficient fluoride removal from aqueous solutions. The adsorbent was characterized by SEM, BET, LPSA, and XRD, revealing a mesoporous material with a total pore volume of 0.51 cm3·g−1. Batch experiments investigated the effects of adsorbent dosage, initial fluoride concentration, reaction time, pH, and coexisting anions. Adsorption kinetics followed a fractal-like pseudo-first-order model, with intraparticle diffusion as the rate-limiting step. Equilibrium data were well described by the Sips isotherm, predicting a maximum adsorption capacity of 479.8 mg·g−1. Site energy distribution analysis indicated a normal distribution with an average energy of 13.36 kJ·mol−1. Mechanistic studies using FTIR and XPS revealed that fluoride removal proceeds via surface precipitation, ligand exchange, and electrostatic attraction. The high density of active sites contributes to the exceptional defluoridation performance, positioning CaO2 as a promising adsorbent for fluoride-contaminated water treatment.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-3423-6
Copper sulfide (Cu2−xS) is a low-cost, eco-friendly thermoelectric material, but its performance is limited by the trade-off between electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity. This study introduces an intermediate doping strategy using copper alloys (bronze, cupronickel, brass) to partially replace the copper source in Cu1.8S, addressing excessive Cu vacancies. The approach enhances the solubility limits of Zn, Sn, Pb, and Ni, optimizing carrier concentration, and generates in situ nanoscale second phases that scatter phonons. The optimal composition, Cu1.8S + 5 wt.% bronze + 3 wt.% cupronickel + 2 wt.% brass, achieves a ZT of 1.7 at 673 K, a 247% improvement over pristine Cu1.8S and the highest reported for this system. This work establishes intermediate doping as a viable paradigm for optimizing thermoelectric properties in alloy-based systems.