Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica•2026•DOI: 10.19912/j.0254-0096.tynxb.202608_9662
Output voltage fluctuations in DC microgrids arise from renewable generation intermittency, spatiotemporal load variations, and external disturbances. This study proposes a reconstructed linear active disturbance rejection control strategy (TD3-R_LADRC) that integrates a twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (TD3) algorithm to enhance the DC bus voltage stabilization capability of battery energy storage interface converters. The improved linear extended state observer (LESO) estimates the derivative of the total disturbance and applies order reduction to known state variables, achieving faster and more accurate tracking and compensation without increasing system order. Frequency-domain performance and stability analyses are conducted for the proposed strategy. The TD3 reinforcement learning algorithm then optimizes the observer bandwidth and controller bandwidth of the improved LADRC, enabling precise observation and rapid convergence. Digital simulations and low-power experiments compare the proposed TD3-R_LADRC against conventional LADRC and dual-loop PI control under various operating conditions. Results demonstrate that TD3-R_LADRC exhibits superior disturbance rejection, stability, and robustness against renewable output uncertainty, load fluctuations, and external disturbances, effectively improving frequency stability control and offering theoretical and engineering value for energy storage converter applications.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-3833-1
Developing plasmonic nanomaterials with compositions beyond noble metals is crucial for expanding their applications. Transition metal nitrides, such as titanium nitride (TiN), exhibit excellent plasmonic optical properties and photothermal conversion efficiency, showing promise in catalysis, photothermal therapy, and seawater desalination. However, the structure-property relationship governing their plasmonic optical properties remains unclear. Here, we constructed Au@TiN core-shell nanostructures and systematically investigated the tunability of their geometry, composition, and optical properties. By varying the Au core size and TiN shell thickness, we achieved precise control over the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) from visible to near-infrared wavelengths. Single-particle scattering spectroscopy revealed distinct plasmon hybridization modes, with experimental spectra matching theoretical simulations. The Au@TiN nanostructures exhibited enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency (η = 78.5%) under 808 nm laser irradiation, significantly outperforming pure TiN nanoparticles (η = 45.2%). This work demonstrates multi-factor control over plasmonic effects in TiN, providing insights for designing TiN-based plasmonic nanomaterials for catalysis and sensing.
Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering•2026•DOI: 10.12030/j.cjee.202510018
Scientific assessment and prediction of the stabilization process in aged municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills are critical for reliable risk evaluation and remediation decision-making. Existing methods often fail under data-scarce conditions and lack temporal predictive capability. This study establishes a 'spatial characterization–temporal prediction' framework to address these gaps. The methodology integrates grid-based sampling, laboratory analysis of biological stability indicators (AT4), and LandGEM model simulations to assess current stabilization states and predict completion timelines. Applied to a landfill in southwest China, results reveal significant spatial heterogeneity in waste stabilization, strongly correlated with waste age and influenced by leachate recirculation of membrane concentrate. None of the landfill zones had reached full stabilization; predicted times to completion were: Zone D (17 years), Zone C (13 years), Zone B (8 years), and Zone A (1 year). Based on these findings, a systematic management strategy is proposed, including zoned gradient management, targeted control of lag zones, and dynamic planning. This study provides a theoretical basis for site-specific management and serves as a reference for similar landfills.