SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-3671-0
Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a non-invasive tumor treatment that offers controllability, non-drug resistance, and precise ablation, yet its efficacy is limited by uncontrolled heat diffusion and weak immune responses, often leading to metastasis. Here, we report a chondroitin sulfate-modified Prussian blue-montmorillonite immunoregulator (PM@CS) that integrates tumor cell adhesion and Golgi targeting to confine photothermal damage at the organelle level. PM@CS accumulates on the Golgi apparatus, reducing heat transfer distance and enhancing photothermal ablation. This targeted hyperthermia disrupts post-translational modification and secretion of metastasis-associated proteins, with GOLPH3 and GOLM1 expression reduced by 63.4% and 70.3%, respectively. Furthermore, PM@CS promotes dendritic cell maturation (3.3-fold increase in CD80+ and CD86+ populations) and enhances antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation, attributed to the immunoadjuvant properties of montmorillonite. Notably, PM@CS upregulates voltage-gated calcium channels (CaV) and enhances Ca2+ influx, activating calcium signaling cascades that amplify immunotherapy. This synergistic approach inhibits primary tumor growth and lung metastasis, offering a promising strategy for cancer treatment.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-3883-2
Tensile stress annealing (TSA) is an effective strategy for tailoring magnetic anisotropy and high-frequency performance in nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloys. Here, we systematically investigate the influence of TSA on the microstructure, magnetic domain evolution, and permeability stability of Fe69.5Co3Nb2Mo1.5Si14B9Cu1 nanocrystalline alloys. Across all applied stresses (0–300 MPa), the alloys retain an ultrafine grain size (≤11 nm), yet the induced uniaxial anisotropy constant (Ku) rises sharply from 22.5 to 665 J/m3. This increase in Ku refines the magnetic domain structure, reducing average domain width from 110 to 36 μm, and shifts the magnetization mechanism from domain-wall displacement to rotation-dominated reversal. Quantitative correlation between Ku, domain structure, and effective permeability (μe) reveals that higher stress suppresses μe at low frequencies but yields exceptional frequency stability: μe ≈ 2330 is maintained up to 1 MHz at 50 MPa, and μe ≈ 585 remains constant from 1 kHz to 10 MHz at 300 MPa. These findings demonstrate that stress-induced anisotropy is a decisive factor in governing high-frequency magnetic response, offering both mechanistic insight and a practical framework for designing next-generation soft magnetic materials for precision current transformers, EMC filters, and MHz-class power electronics.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-3772-y
Conformal contact between functional electronic films and biological surfaces is critical for long-term device stability, high signal sensitivity, and favorable signal-to-noise ratio. Traditional transfer methods, such as soft stamps and pad printing, often involve mechanical pressing, leading to poor conformality, localized stress concentration, or structural failure. Alternative strategies, including geometric engineering of non-stretchable materials or using stretchable organic alternatives, mitigate these issues but increase design complexity and reduce fabrication efficiency. Here, we highlight a novel 'drop-printing' strategy introduced by Li et al. that leverages capillary force to manipulate a water droplet to pick up a thin film, transfer it to a target substrate, and print it onto the surface. As the droplet evaporates, the film conformally wraps the surface. The droplet acts as a lubricating layer, while interfacial liquid penetrating microstructures generates capillary pressure, facilitating shape-adaptive deformation and significantly reducing stress concentration. The final positioning and conformality are governed by droplet behavior on the target surface. This approach achieves positional deviation of less than 20 μm via regulation of three-phase contact lines. The strategy enables damage-free conformal wrapping of non-stretchable films onto three-dimensional biological surfaces, as demonstrated by drop-printed silicon microfilm conformally wrapping on a rat brain, with successful NIR laser stimulation triggering forelimb movement and synchronized brain electrophysiological signals. This gentle, high-precision method addresses the pressing need for low-stress conformal bioelectronics, offering a general solution for diverse biological interfaces.
Environmental Chemistry•2026•DOI: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2025041101
Chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) are typical halogenated organic pollutants frequently coexisting with nitrogen oxides (NOx) in flue gases from thermal industrial processes such as waste incineration and metal smelting. The synergistic catalytic removal of these co-pollutants offers substantial environmental benefits and engineering potential. This review focuses on the regulation of catalyst acidity and redox properties, systematically summarizing the synergistic mechanisms between CVOCs catalytic oxidation and NH3-selective catalytic reduction (NH3-SCR) for NOx removal. Special attention is given to reaction pathways governing chlorine species desorption and intermediate mineralization during CVOCs oxidation, alongside intrinsic strategies for broadening the SCR temperature window, enhancing N2 selectivity, and mitigating catalyst deactivation. Key challenges in simultaneous removal include competitive adsorption of coexisting pollutants, chlorine poisoning of catalysts, formation of polychlorinated byproducts, and interference from other flue gas components. Future research directions are proposed, encompassing interfacial mechanistic elucidation, innovative design of multifunctional catalytic sites, and technological transition from laboratory-scale studies to industrial applications. This review provides theoretical insights and technical guidance for integrated control of multiple pollutants.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-3512-2
Liquid-phase chemically deposited lead sulfide (PbS) thin films are a cost-effective platform for extended short-wavelength infrared (eSWIR) detection, yet their performance is constrained by high densities of sulfur vacancies and oxygen-in-sulfur defects formed during deposition. This work introduces chloride ions as an in-situ additive during chemical bath deposition to passivate these defects. The similar ionic radius of Cl⁻ (176 pm) to S²⁻ (179 pm) and its coordination with Pb²⁺ enable substitutional incorporation without significant lattice distortion. The passivated films exhibit a near-unity Pb/S atomic ratio, a photoluminescence full-width at half-maximum of 75 meV, and a carrier lifetime increase exceeding 20-fold. Homojunction photodiodes fabricated from these films demonstrate a dark current density of 3.1 μA/cm² at 0 V, a responsivity of 0.79 A/W at 2.5 μm, a specific detectivity of 8.79 × 10⁹ Jones, and a response time of 19.6 μs. The resistance-area product (R₀A) reaches 8.78 Ω cm² at 300 K and 6.16 kΩ cm² at 80 K. Activation energy analysis reveals trap-assisted tunneling as the dominant dark current mechanism at higher reverse biases, attributed to grain boundaries. These results represent among the best reported performance for PbS bulk thin-film photodiodes and offer a scalable route to high-performance eSWIR sensors.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-3639-7
Organic near-infrared (NIR) afterglow materials hold potential for bioimaging due to deep tissue penetration and high signal-to-background ratio (SBR). However, achieving emission wavelengths above 800 nm remains a significant challenge because of the energy gap law, which accelerates nonradiative decays and destabilizes triplet excitons. Here, bright NIR afterglow at 820 nm is realized via a molecular design strategy: alternating donor-acceptor (D-A) structures and multiple S···O intramolecular interactions enhance intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) and strengthen intramolecular interactions. Terminal groups and side chains optimize intermolecular interactions to suppress nonradiative transitions. The resulting material exhibits afterglow with a wavelength of 820 nm, surpassing previous organic afterglow systems limited to 780 nm. This work provides a promising strategy for efficient NIR afterglow, promoting applications in deep-tissue bioimaging with high SBR. The findings address the bottleneck of extending afterglow wavelengths beyond 800 nm, offering a viable route for advanced bioimaging and anticounterfeiting technologies.