• • Flexible synaptic transistors based on ion-gel gating achieve ultra-low power consumption approaching the energy expenditure of a single biological synapse (fJ per spike), enabling energy-efficient neuromorphic computing for wearable and implantable devices.
• • Three-terminal transistor architecture with source, drain, and gate electrodes enables precise modulation of synaptic plasticity, including short-term and long-term potentiation, with dynamic range exceeding 10^3, critical for high-accuracy pattern recognition.
• • Integration of ferroelectric materials such as rhombohedral-stacked bilayer MoS2 enables non-volatile memory with retention times exceeding 10^4 s and endurance >10^6 cycles, essential for reliable in-memory computing.
• • Flexible artificial chemosensory neuronal synapses based on chemoreceptive ionogel-gated electrochemical transistors demonstrate detection limits at sub-ppm levels for hazardous gases, enabling real-time health and environmental monitoring.