Controller Structure Identification Method for Doubly-Fed Wind Turbine Generators Based on Mapping Between FRT Response and Control Loops

• • Identification method validated across 9 mainstream DFIG types under symmetrical and asymmetrical faults with voltage sags from 0.9 to 0.2 p.u. and swells from 1.2 to 1.3 p.u., demonstrating broad adaptability where prior single-structure models fail. • • Fault durations ranging from 500 ms to 2000 ms were tested, covering transient to sustained FRT events; the proposed white-box model accurately reproduces full-process responses, including active power spikes and oscillations at fault inception and clearance. • • The model outperforms the WECC second-generation generic model, which cannot simulate asymmetrical faults or detailed FRT responses, providing a superior basis for EMT simulation of renewable-dominated grids. • • Hardware-in-the-loop validation against manufacturer black-box models and actual controllers confirms high fidelity, enabling controller design optimization, protection strategy verification, and grid integration performance analysis without proprietary data.