SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-3858-8
High-quality β-Ga2O3 membranes are pivotal for fabricating high-performance memristive devices. Here, vertical Ag/β-Ga2O3/Pt memristors built on high-crystalline-quality β-Ga2O3 membranes via lattice epitaxy engineering and a sacrificial-layer-assisted exfoliation strategy are reported. The resulting β-Ga2O3-based device demonstrates a high ON/OFF ratio exceeding 10^8, low SET/RESET voltages of 0.13 V/−0.11 V, low programming current of 10^-10 A, stable data retention beyond 4 × 10^4 s, and excellent subthreshold characteristics of ~0.47 mV/dec. Adjustable compliance current enables the coexistence of volatile and non-volatile switching modes. Additionally, the resistive switching versatility is predominantly governed by the migration of Ag ions, as supported by electrical characterizations and first-principles calculations. Furthermore, a β-Ga2O3 memristor-based circuit that functions as a reconfigurable and non-volatile exclusive OR (XOR) logic gate has been designed and simulated, enabling both image encryption/decryption and edge detection. This work not only demonstrates lattice-engineered, high-quality β-Ga2O3 membranes for fabricating advanced memristors but also extends their applicability to digital logic and reconfigurable image processing.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-024-3309-7
Hydrogel fibres exhibit exceptional moisture-absorbing capacity and high specific surface area, yet their internal structural dynamics directly govern mechanical strength and hygroscopic performance. This review critically examines thirty years of global research on hydrogel fibres, focusing on morphological evolution, mechanical reinforcement strategies, and moisture-absorption mechanisms. Key preparation techniques—microfluidic spinning, electrospinning, extrusion spinning, wet spinning, gel spinning, and 3D printing—are evaluated for their influence on fibre architecture. The review identifies hydrogen bonding as a central factor in mechanical integrity and hygroscopicity, and discusses trade-offs between swelling rate, tensile strength, and flexibility. Recent advances in conductive, biocompatible, and transparent hydrogel fibres have enabled applications in smart clothing, tissue engineering, chemical separation, and brain-computer interfaces. However, persistent challenges include structural instability under cyclic loading, uncontrolled swelling, and scalability barriers. By synthesizing empirical data from 32 key studies, this work provides a roadmap for optimizing fibre performance through judicious selection of starting materials and process parameters. The analysis underscores the need for standardized testing protocols and predictive models linking internal morphology to macroscopic properties. Future directions emphasize hybrid material systems and continuous manufacturing routes to unlock transformative potential in healthcare, textiles, and intelligent wearables.