• • The PS-TENG-based finger ring achieves recognition accuracies of 98.21% for English letters, 96.87% for Arabic numerals, and 96.44% for Chinese characters, demonstrating high fidelity for text input without predefined gesture encoding.
• • Open-circuit voltage scales linearly with finger bending angle: 0.45 V at 30° to 3.15 V at 90°, enabling precise gesture differentiation and reliable threshold-based control.
• • Four distinct gestures are defined by unique sensor activation patterns (e.g., Gesture 1: high-amplitude impulse from Sensor-I1 and low-amplitude from Sensor-I2), enabling robust wireless gaming control with directional commands.
• • The system integrates a signal conditioning circuit stabilizing outputs to 0–3.3 V, ensuring compatibility with standard microcontrollers and Bluetooth modules for wireless data transmission.