• • At 60 cm spray distance, ScCO2 spraying achieved average VOCs emission reduction rates of (62.10±1.59)% across three industrial coating systems, compared to high-pressure airless spraying, demonstrating significant source reduction potential for compliance with tightening VOC regulations.
• • Coating efficiency improvements were consistently above 20% for all tested systems at both 40 cm and 60 cm distances, with averages of (30.62±8.75)% and (31.74±12.83)%, respectively, directly reducing coating consumption and waste.
• • VOCs content reduction rates varied by coating system: 46.03% for wooden furniture-polyurethane, 23.80% for wooden furniture-acrylic, and 37.60% for metal parts-fluorocarbon, indicating that formulation compatibility is critical for maximizing abatement.
• • Diluent substitution rate reached 83% (from 60% to 10% addition), but complete elimination of diluent was not feasible under the tested parameters due to excessive viscosity, highlighting a practical operational limit for ScCO2 technology.