Towards Sliding Ferroelectricity in Two-Dimensional van der Waals Materials

• • Sliding ferroelectricity enables polarization switching with ultralow energy barriers, achieving endurance over millions to trillions of cycles and sub-nanosecond reversal times, far exceeding conventional ferroelectrics. • • Rhombohedral-stacked MoS2 bilayers exhibit nanosecond ferroelectric switching of intralayer excitons via Coulomb engineering, enabling ultrafast optoelectronic modulation. • • Non-volatile electrical polarization switching via domain wall release in 3R-MoS2 bilayer achieves stable retention, critical for memory applications. • • Combining intrinsic and sliding-induced polarizations yields multiple polarization states, offering multistate logic and memory capabilities.