• • Gallium-based liquid metal electrodes maintain low and stable skin–electrode impedance under deformation, directly reducing motion artifact amplitude in dynamic ECG recordings and enabling reliable R-peak detection during ambulation.
• • The self-adhesive elastomeric matrix eliminates the need for separate fixation, preserving interfacial contact during movement and addressing the adhesion–conformability trade-off that causes signal loss in conventional dry electrodes.
• • The thumb-sized system form factor supports unobtrusive wearability for continuous monitoring, with potential to extend ECG acquisition to ambulatory and point-of-care scenarios where patient motion is unavoidable.
• • The materials architecture combines fluidic compliance with robust adhesion, providing a scalable route to clinical-grade dynamic ECG without the impedance degradation characteristic of gel electrodes under mechanical stress.