• • PDPP2F-NDI-N achieves a PCE of 20.44% in ternary OSCs, representing a significant efficiency milestone for solution-processed organic photovoltaics.
• • The CIL exhibits exceptional thickness insensitivity, retaining 92.8% of peak PCE at 30 nm thickness, which is critical for roll-to-roll manufacturing where precise thickness control is challenging.
• • High electron mobility (1.01 × 10⁻³ cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹) and electrical conductivity (3.13 × 10⁻³ S m⁻¹) enable efficient charge extraction, reducing resistive losses and improving fill factor.
• • Devices demonstrate a T80 lifetime exceeding 1700 hours under photo-thermal aging, indicating superior operational stability essential for commercial deployment.