• • Single-component Ti3C2Tx MXene sensor array achieves >95% classification accuracy for VOCs (acetone, ethanol, toluene, hexane) at concentrations as low as 100 ppb, eliminating the need for multiple distinct sensing materials and reducing fabrication complexity for IoT-integrated environmental monitors.
• • Limit of detection (LOD) reaches 50 ppb for acetone with response and recovery times of 12 s and 18 s, respectively, enabling real-time breath analysis for diabetes monitoring where acetone is a recognized biomarker at sub-ppm levels.
• • Principal component analysis (PCA) yields 92.3% cumulative variance in the first three principal components, confirming high-dimensional feature separation that is critical for pattern recognition algorithms in portable electronic nose systems.
• • Long-term stability over 30 days shows <5% signal degradation, addressing the chronic drift issue that plagues metal-oxide and polymer-based sensor arrays, thereby reducing recalibration frequency in industrial process control and smart agriculture deployments.