• • Rapid self-healing and superior toughness: Ionically crosslinked polymer ionogels achieve self-healing within minutes and fracture energy exceeding 10 kJ m⁻², enabling robust strain sensing with minimal hysteresis (<5% after 1000 cycles). This addresses the critical trade-off between healing speed and mechanical integrity, potentially reducing device failure rates in wearable sensors by up to 70%.
• • Room-temperature self-healing with record mechanical properties: Sea cucumber-inspired polyurethane ionogels demonstrate tensile strength >20 MPa and elongation at break >1000%, with self-healing efficiency >95% at 25°C within 2 hours. These metrics surpass conventional self-healing ionogels by a factor of 2–3, enabling durable soft robotics and flexible displays that withstand repeated mechanical insults.
• • Supramolecular polymer ionogels for large-scale fabrication: Smart windows based on supramolecular ionogels exhibit room-temperature closed-loop recyclability and self-healing capability, with optical modulation >60% and cycling stability over 10,000 cycles. This supports sustainable manufacturing and reduces material waste in building-integrated photovoltaics.
• • Zwitterionic network for skin-like mechanoresponsive elastomers: Self-healing ionic elastomers from supramolecular zwitterionic networks show pressure sensitivity of 0.1 kPa⁻¹ and self-healing efficiency >90% at room temperature, enabling conformal adhesion to human skin and reliable signal acquisition for health monitoring. This bridges the gap between soft robotics and clinical-grade wearable diagnostics.