Research Progress on the Pollution Status of Diazepam in Fishery Water Environment and Its Treatment Technology

• • DZP is a benzodiazepine anxiolytic with low volatility and slight water solubility, yet it is frequently detected in fishery water and aquatic products, despite being banned in animal food in China; a survey of 23 regions found 14 out of 35 commercial fish bait products contained DZP, indicating widespread contamination sources. • • Detection primarily relies on GC-MS and LC-MS/MS, with methods achieving limits of quantification in the ng/L range for water samples, enabling trace-level monitoring essential for regulatory compliance. • • Treatment technologies include adsorption, photolysis, chemical oxidation, and biodegradation; however, degradation efficiencies vary widely, with photolysis and advanced oxidation processes showing potential for >90% removal under optimized conditions, but field-scale validation remains limited. • • The review identifies a critical research gap: lack of integrated, cost-effective treatment trains for DZP in fishery water, necessitating future work on combined technologies and real-world applicability.