• • Catalytic desorption with solid acid catalysts reduces regeneration energy consumption by 40.0%–60.0% of total system energy, with potential savings of 30%–40% in desorption energy, as demonstrated by MOF-derived catalysts (e.g., Ce-MOF) achieving energy-efficient amine regeneration.
• • Solid acid catalysts lower the desorption temperature from 110–130 °C to below 100 °C, enabling operation at atmospheric pressure and reducing equipment investment and operational costs.
• • Synergistic acid sites (Lewis and Brønsted) in catalysts like heteropolyacid-modified Ce-MOFs enhance C–N bond cleavage, improving CO2 desorption rates by up to 50% compared to non-catalytic systems.
• • Catalyst recovery and reusability are critical; studies show that catalysts like waste red mud and aluminum-modified diatomite maintain >90% activity after multiple cycles, ensuring economic viability.