Research Progress on Exposure Assessment of Liquid Crystal Monomers

• • Global LCD panel production is projected to reach 238 million m² by 2025, with an annual LCM demand of approximately 500 tonnes, while annual LCM release from discarded TV and computer panels is estimated at 214 tonnes, underscoring the scale of environmental contamination. • • LCMs have been detected in water, soil, air, and human biological samples (serum, urine, breast milk) worldwide, with concentrations in PM2.5 in Beijing showing seasonal variation, indicating widespread human exposure. • • Analytical methods based on chromatography-mass spectrometry enable targeted and non-targeted screening of trace LCMs and their metabolites, effectively controlling matrix interference and achieving high sensitivity and high throughput. • • Toxicological studies confirm that LCMs induce oxidative stress, inhibit growth, and impair reproduction, with potential long-term effects on reproductive, cardiovascular, nervous systems, and liver/kidney function, necessitating urgent regulatory attention.