Research Progress on Catalytic Pyrolysis of Biomass for Aldehyde and Ketone Production

• • Lignocellulosic biomass annual production exceeds 180 billion tons, underscoring its potential as a renewable carbon feedstock for aldehyde and ketone synthesis via catalytic pyrolysis. • • Catalytic systems (metal salts, metal oxides, carbon-based) regulate key reactions—dehydration, decarbonylation, C−O/C−C bond cleavage, and skeletal rearrangement—to steer selectivity toward target carbonyls. • • Multicomponent synergistic effects among cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin significantly influence aldehyde/ketone yields, necessitating feedstock-specific catalyst design. • • Persistent challenges include unclear structure-activity relationships, inadequate active site stability, and limited product selectivity, which require advanced in situ characterization and multiscale simulation to overcome.