• • Mechanical/physical recycling yields fiber retention rates of only 10%–78%, limiting high-value reuse; chemical methods achieve 55%–96% retention, while combined methods exceed 95%, demonstrating superior resource efficiency for industrial adoption.
• • Pyrolysis has reached industrial scale but suffers from high energy consumption and significant carbon emissions, whereas chemical methods offer potential carbon reduction advantages but are not yet industrially viable due to high solvent costs and stringent equipment requirements.
• • Life-cycle assessment shows that mechanical/physical recycling combined with cement kiln co-processing has the highest tolerance for transportation distance, making it suitable for northwest China; regional recycling centers are recommended to reduce logistics costs.
• • Policy frameworks must integrate technology-specific standards, producer responsibility extensions, and regional incentives, with international collaboration to avoid 'build-first, recycle-later' path dependencies in emerging economies.