Recent Advances in Carbon-Based Materials for CO2 Capture and Utilization

• • Carbon-based materials exhibit tunable pore structures and high specific surface areas, enabling tailored CO2 adsorption capacities; for instance, activated carbons can achieve adsorption capacities up to 4-6 mmol/g at 25°C and 1 bar, which is critical for post-combustion capture economics. • • In RWGS, Fe-based catalysts supported on cellulose-derived carbon demonstrate low-temperature activity (e.g., 400-500°C) with CO selectivity >90%, offering a route to utilize CO2-rich streams containing CO/H2O without catalyst deactivation. • • For dry reforming of methane, Co/N-CNTs with pyridinic N and carbon defects synergistically promote syngas production, achieving CH4 and CO2 conversions of 85% and 90% at 700°C, respectively, with stable operation over 100 h, addressing catalyst coking issues. • • CNT-promoted Cu-ZnO-Al2O3 catalysts for methanol synthesis from H2/CO/CO2 show enhanced activity, with CO2 conversion up to 25% and methanol selectivity >60% at 250°C and 5 MPa, improving process economics for CO2 hydrogenation to alcohols.