Polysaccharide-Based Networks-engineered Orthopedic Implant for Synergistic Antimicrobial Defense and Osteogenic Regeneration to Potentiate PI3K-AKT/HIF-1-Mediated Open Fractures Treatment

• • Ti-GOED coating eliminates over 99% of common pathogenic bacteria in vitro, significantly reducing implant-related infection risk. • • The coating disrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis by inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesis, leading to membrane compromise and DNA leakage. • • Ti-GOED enhances BMSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation via PI3K-Akt and HIF-1 signaling pathways, promoting bone regeneration. • • In vivo studies confirm strong antibacterial and osteogenic efficacy, supporting clinical translation for open fracture treatment.