• • Surface water ∑PFAS concentrations ranged from 30.04 to 105.26 ng/L (mean 59.64 ng/L, median 51.43 ng/L), indicating moderate contamination; PFOA, GenX, and PFBA were dominant, with GenX showing a significant increase compared to prior studies, suggesting shifting industrial usage patterns.
• • Sediment ∑PFAS concentrations were low, ranging from ND to 0.59 ng/g (mean 0.14 ng/g, median 0.11 ng/g), with PFOA and PFOS as main contaminants; this indicates limited partitioning to sediment but potential long-term accumulation risk.
• • Source apportionment identified industrial wastewater discharge and sewage treatment plant effluents as primary sources, providing actionable targets for regulatory interventions to reduce PFAS loading.
• • Risk quotients indicated low ecological risk for aquatic organisms for most PFAS, but the presence of short-chain and novel PFAS (e.g., GenX) at elevated levels necessitates further toxicological assessment to ensure environmental safety.