Poison-proofing platinum nanocatalysts with nitrogen for industrial-scale seawater splitting

• • Pt@N/CFP achieves a cell voltage of 1.688 V at 1000 mA cm−2 in an AEM electrolyzer with alkaline seawater at 80 °C, outperforming conventional Pt/C across the entire current density range, indicating superior activity for industrial-scale hydrogen production. • • The catalyst maintains stable operation for over 300 h at 1000 mA cm−2 in 1.0 M KOH + seawater at 80 °C without noticeable degradation, demonstrating exceptional durability under harsh conditions. • • At 80 °C, the AEM electrolyzer with Pt@N/CFP delivers cell voltages of 1.688 V and 1.831 V at current densities of 1 and 2 A cm−2, respectively, showing enhanced performance with increasing temperature. • • The strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) between Pt and N-doped carbon aerogel reduces water dissociation energy, optimizes hydrogen adsorption free energy (ΔG H*), and lowers Cl− adsorption, addressing both activity and chloride poisoning challenges.