Negative-Carbon Electrochemical CO2 Capture Technology Powered by Green Electricity

• • EMAR operates near ambient temperature, circumventing thermal degradation issues and demonstrating notable advantages in energy efficiency, making it suitable for large-scale industrial point sources such as coal-fired power plants and steel mills. • • ECC typically requires no additional thermal input, high-pressure, or vacuum conditions during operation, and the adsorbing materials resist degradation, offering operational flexibility and reduced energy penalties compared to thermal amine scrubbing. • • The review categorizes pH-swing systems into BMED, PCET, and MCDI, each with distinct electrochemical mechanisms for altering pH to drive carbonation/decarbonation, enabling CO2 capture or release without thermal swings. • • Redox-active capture molecules, foundational work by DuBois et al. in 1988, directly bind or release CO2 upon oxidation state change, independent of bulk pH swings, providing a molecular-level control for capture and release.