• • Achieves 95.7% absorption across 190–2500 nm (UV-Vis-IR), enabling near-perfect light capture for photodetection and energy harvesting.
• • Provides 99.99% effective absorption coverage up to 1997.9 GHz (microwave/THz), critical for electromagnetic interference shielding and stealth.
• • Maintains morphology and phase after 365 days in acidic or alkaline environments, ensuring long-term durability for aerospace and defense.
• • Multi-scale design integrating carbon-zirconium heterointerfaces into periodic unit cells enables ultra-wideband response from UV to microwave, overcoming Kramers-Kronig limitations.