• • PFAS bind to human serum albumin with high affinity, facilitating transport across the blood-brain and placental barriers, leading to accumulation in protein-rich organs such as liver and kidneys, with PFOS water half-life ~9 years.
• • PFAS concentrations in economically developed Chinese regions reach 718 ng/L in the Bohai Rim, 586.2 ng/L in the Yangtze River Delta, and 346.72 ng/L in the Pearl River Delta, indicating significant environmental exposure.
• • Binding affinity of PFAS to proteins is influenced by carbon chain length and functional groups, with longer chains showing higher affinity, as demonstrated in studies on steroid 5α-reductase 1 inhibition.
• • PFAS can disrupt endocrine function by binding to nuclear receptors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), with oligomeric hexafluoropropylene oxide showing adipogenic activity via this pathway.