Mesoporous bowl-shaped polydopamine co-loaded temozolomide and indocyanine green for synergistically inhibiting glioblastoma

• • Photothermal conversion efficiency (η) of 43.88% under 808 nm irradiation enables effective hyperthermia at moderate laser power densities, reducing collateral thermal damage to normal brain tissue while achieving tumor ablation. • • Bowl-shaped mesoporous polydopamine enhances cellular uptake compared to conventional mesoporous nanospheres, directly addressing the bottleneck of insufficient TMZ accumulation in GBM cells and yielding a cell survival rate of 17.2% under combined therapy. • • In vivo NIR-II fluorescence imaging (1000–1700 nm) confirms tumor accumulation via the EPR effect in GBM-bearing nude Balb/C mice, providing real-time visualization of nanocarrier biodistribution and enabling image-guided therapy. • • Complete tumor cell eradication in vitro and in vivo under 808 nm laser illumination demonstrates the synergistic efficacy of PTT and hyperthermia-amplified TMZ chemotherapy, surpassing the limited efficacy of TMZ monotherapy and offering a pathway to overcome chemoresistance.