Iron-Induced Bidirectional Catalytic Effects for Sulfur Redox Reactions in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

• • Co-Co7Fe3/CS-modified cells achieve 603 mAh g–1 at 5.0 C, enabling rapid charge/discharge essential for high-power applications such as electric vehicles and grid storage. • • Stable cycling for 500 cycles at 1.0 C and 2.0 C demonstrates long-term durability, reducing replacement costs and improving lifetime economics for commercial Li–S batteries. • • Under high sulfur loadings and lean electrolyte conditions, the system delivers impressive areal capacity with stable cycling, addressing the practical energy density barrier that has stalled Li–S commercialization. • • Post-cycling analysis confirms protection of the Li metal anode from sulfur species corrosion, mitigating capacity fade and safety hazards associated with anode degradation.