Global Warming Potential Analysis of Air Pollution Control Processes in Municipal Solid Waste Incineration under Ultra-Low Emission Standards

• • APCD3, despite having the highest GWP due to elevated electricity consumption, achieves the lowest pollutant emissions, making it the most environmentally preferable option under ultra-low emission standards. • • APCD1, lacking SCR and WS, exhibits the highest NOx emissions, which significantly contribute to its GWP, indicating a need for enhanced denitrification efficiency. • • APCD2 consumes more resources than APCD3 but does not yield substantial emission reductions, highlighting the need for improved resource utilization efficiency. • • Electricity consumption is the primary driver of GWP across all three APCDs; reducing electricity use and improving energy efficiency are essential for lowering environmental impact.