Electro-activated Dual-Affinity Membranes for PFAS-Free Drinking Water: A Paradigm Shift in Separation Technology

• • The ADM achieves a water permeability of 288 L/(m2 h bar), significantly higher than commercial NF membranes, enabling low-pressure operation and reduced energy costs. • • The dual-affinity design (electrostatic Cl− and hydrophobic AOT) lowers the free energy barrier for PFAS adsorption, enhancing binding strength and range, as confirmed by molecular dynamics simulations. • • Electrochemical regeneration by reversing the applied potential allows long-term operation without secondary waste, addressing a key limitation of conventional adsorption methods. • • Scalability is demonstrated with large-area membranes (625 cm2) assembled into modules capable of treating liters of contaminated water per hour, maintaining consistent PFAS removal, indicating industrial feasibility.