• • Under EPSC with 2000 J pulses, H2O and NOx reduce soot combustion rates to 12.0 and 9.53 μmol·gcat−1·s−1, respectively, still exceeding conventional thermal catalysis (<8 μmol·gcat−1·s−1), demonstrating EPSC's robustness in realistic exhaust conditions.
• • Electricity pulses promote rapid H2O desorption, effectively reversing H2O poisoning and restoring catalyst activity, as evidenced by in situ Raman and power profiles.
• • NOx forms stable surface nitrates (e.g., KNO3) that desorb slowly; the desorption process lags behind soot combustion, preventing full activity recovery and indicating a need for catalysts with less stable nitrate intermediates.
• • The study suggests using weakly basic alkaline-earth metals (Mg, Ca, Sr) as catalytic components to lower nitrate decomposition temperatures and mitigate NOx poisoning, guiding future catalyst design for EPSC.