Dynamic Percolation Networks Engineered Low Curie Temperature PTC Composites for Self-Adaptive Thermal Management

• • Achieves a low Curie temperature (Tc) of 35 °C, enabling precise thermal management near room temperature, with an ultralow initial resistivity (ρin) of 50 Ω cm, which reduces required heating voltage and enhances operational safety in precision electronics. • • Delivers a high PTC intensity (PTCI) of 7.0, defined as log(ρmax/ρin), ensuring rapid and sensitive current interruption for adaptive temperature control, surpassing previous benchmarks for low-Tc composites. • • Demonstrates exceptional cycling stability with >95% resistivity retention after 100 thermal cycles, and maintains performance after 14 days of space-environment exposure, validating reliability for aerospace applications. • • A self-regulating heater using this composite stabilizes an aluminum block at 30.6 ± 0.03 °C under 20 V in a −10 °C environment without external controls, proving practical viability for autonomous thermal management.