• • The sensor array comprises 18 sensing units distributed across the robotic hand, enabling whole-hand tactile coverage beyond fingertip-only perception, which is critical for complex manipulation tasks such as pulling and grasping.
• • The crosslinked interpenetrating network ensures high interlayer tensile strength, preventing delamination under mechanical deformation, a key failure mode in multilayer flexible sensors; this directly addresses the interlayer mechanical mismatch problem.
• • The sensor array demonstrates high sensitivity and low hysteresis, with excellent long-term reliability over 10,000 loading cycles, indicating robust performance for repeated robotic operations.
• • Object recognition accuracy reaches 90.1% using convolutional neural network algorithms, validated in real-time on a digital twin interface, showcasing the sensor's integration with AI for adaptive grasping and teleoperation.