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Protected by Google reCAPTCHA v3.•Privacy•Terms Key Findings in This Report
• • ZFM column achieved 88% nitrate and 78% OFL removal, outperforming ZF (nitrate ~?%, OFL ~?%) and M controls, demonstrating synergistic enhancement.
• • Active iron concentration in ZFM effluent was 0.68 mg·L−1 vs 0.48 mg·L−1 in ZF, indicating improved iron cycling and availability.
• • Microbial involvement in ZFM maintained stable pH and lower ORP, preventing passivation and extending ZVI/FeS2 longevity.
• • Key functional bacteria (norank_f_Fermentibacteraceae, norank_f_Anaerolineaceae, Longilinea, Anaerolinea) increased by 2.93%, 0.55%, 1.53%, 0.62%, respectively, correlating with enhanced contaminant removal.