Combined Application of Compound Algicide and Submerged Plants for Algal Bloom Control and Eutrophic Water Remediation

• • Combined algicide + submerged plant treatments significantly reduced TN, TP, Chl-a, and turbidity, achieving superior eutrophication control compared to plant-only treatments within the experimental period. • • The algicide + V. natans combination yielded the most pronounced reduction in the comprehensive trophic state index, indicating optimal restoration efficacy for this species pairing. • • Compound algicide significantly increased V. natans growth rate and H. verticillata catalase (CAT) activity, demonstrating species-specific physiological responses and suggesting V. natans has higher adaptability to the algicide. • • The compound algicide formulation (PQGA-126, PAC, red soil) effectively removed algae and reduced turbidity, providing a low-cost, high-efficiency option for emergency bloom control and eutrophic water remediation.