Catalytic Conversion Behavior and Degradation Mechanisms of Sulfur-Containing Multi-Pollutants such as Thiols and Thioethers: A Review

• • Mixed thiol systems (e.g., CH3SH + C2H5SH) exhibit faster catalyst deactivation than single-component systems, with stability differences attributed to 'molecular size–active site matching' and site competition, as demonstrated by La/ZSM-5 maintaining 100% activity for 30 h at 450 °C in mixed thiol streams. • • Catalytic oxidation/decomposition can achieve >95% degradation of S-VOCs at low temperatures (25–450 °C) with high space velocities (up to 1,800,000 mL·h−1·g−1), but stability varies: Co@NCNT retained 95.6% activity after 1 h and declined slightly over 60 h, while Fe2-N-C showed 79.6% activity at room temperature with slight decline over 200 h at 60% RH. • • Catalyst design strategies such as single-atom Fe-N4/CMK-3 achieve 90% CH3SH conversion at 25 °C but drop to 80% after 8 h, highlighting the trade-off between low-temperature activity and sulfur poisoning resistance. • • The review emphasizes that industrial S-VOC emissions are multi-component, and ignoring synergistic effects leads to inaccurate predictions; future models must incorporate temperature, humidity, and concentration variables to guide rational design of sulfur-resistant catalysts.