Atomically dispersed Pt species anchored on Al3+-doped SrTiO3 for photocatalytic overall water splitting

• • Achieved H2 and O2 evolution rates of 13.62 and 6.71 mmol h−1 g−1, respectively, with a turnover frequency (TOF) of 2114.5 h−1, demonstrating superior activity for overall water splitting. • • Utilized icing-assisted photochemical reduction to anchor atomically dispersed Pt on Al3+-doped SrTiO3, enabling precise control of Pt oxidation state (Pt4+ to Pt2+) as confirmed by NMR. • • Single-atom Pt co-catalysts enhance directional charge transfer and suppress surface recombination, as evidenced by advanced characterizations and theoretical calculations. • • The work establishes a scalable strategy for designing single-atom co-catalysts with minimal precious metal loading, addressing cost and efficiency bottlenecks in photocatalytic water splitting.