SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-3901-2
This work presents a cracked template and vacuum metal evaporation strategy for fabricating structurally randomized copper (Cu) mesh films. Regulating the internal stress distribution within the coating during template cracking enables controlled fabrication of Cu mesh films with varying discrete degrees of mesh aperture area and distinct probability distributions of metal line inclination. The influence of structural parameter randomization on properties was systematically investigated, encompassing higher-order diffraction energy homogenization, optoelectronic performance, and electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE). Results demonstrate that increasing structural randomization effectively suppresses higher-order diffraction energy, achieving a reduction to −3.93 dB in normalized higher-order diffraction energy. Furthermore, the Cu mesh film exhibited minimal degradation on imaging system performance, with resolution decreasing only marginally from 80.6 to 71.8 lp/mm. Simultaneously, the most randomized Cu mesh film demonstrates an ultra-low sheet resistance (3.31 Ω/sq), high visible light transmittance (88.7% at 550 nm), an exceptional figure of merit (FoM=913.69), and robust EMI SE within the X-band (average SE of 33.18 dB). These findings underscore that metal mesh films incorporating structural randomization offer an effective strategy for enhancing EMI shielding in high-performance optoelectronic imaging systems.
Environmental Chemistry•2026•DOI: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2025050803
This study systematically investigates the synergistic drag reduction mechanism of surfactants and porous media in coal seam water injection. Four surfactant types—cationic CTAB, anionic SDBS, amphoteric BS-12, and nonionic OP-10—were tested with five porous media pore sizes (3–12 mm) using a custom-built all-in-one drag reduction test system. The effects of surfactant type, mass concentration, driving frequency, and pore diameter on drag reduction efficiency were evaluated. Results show that in an empty tube, drag reduction efficiency increases with mass concentration. As driving frequency increases, drag reduction first rises then falls, peaking at 35 Hz. With porous media, drag reduction exhibits pore size dependence, reaching a maximum at 8 mm and decreasing thereafter. The composite surfactant-porous media system achieves synergistic enhancement over single systems. At 0.05% mass concentration, all surfactants attain maximum drag reduction, with CTAB showing the highest efficiency. Optimal conditions (0.05% CTAB, 35 Hz, 8 mm pore size) yield a drag reduction rate of 66.14%, a 1.4-fold improvement over 20 Hz. These findings demonstrate that tailoring surfactant and porous media parameters can significantly optimize coal seam water injection efficiency, offering a practical approach for dust control in mining.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-3548-9
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is constrained by the absence of tumor selectivity in conventional photosensitizers (PSs), which produces phototoxicity in normal tissues and risks activation by ambient light. Covalent conjugation of PSs to targeting peptides improves accumulation but does not suppress off-target activation. This work reports B-HCPP-RGD, a single-molecule PS that integrates αVβ3 integrin targeting with dual responsiveness to H2O2 and cathepsin B. The hypocrellin-derived type I PS HCEA is masked by a 4-(bromomethyl)phenylboronic acid pinacol ester H2O2-responsive group and conjugated to cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (cRGD) through a cathepsin B-cleavable Gln-Val dipeptide linker. ROS generation in solution is effectively suppressed until both H2O2 and cathepsin B are present, at which point HCEA is released. In vitro, B-HCPP-RGD shows negligible phototoxicity toward normal cells and pronounced phototoxicity toward tumor cells, including under hypoxic conditions. In vivo, the conjugate actively targets tumor tissue and achieves a high tumor inhibition rate with favorable biosafety. The results establish a modular design for dual-responsive, tumor-targeted PSs that improves the precision and safety of PDT.