Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering•2026•DOI: 10.12030/j.cjee.202508081
Traditional soil thermal remediation requires high temperatures (>300 °C), which can damage soil structure, increase energy consumption, and elevate carbon emissions. This study developed a Cu–CeOx/TiO2 trimetallic catalyst to enable low-temperature thermal remediation of naphthalene-contaminated soil. Using nano-TiO2 as a support, catalysts with varying Cu/Ce ratios were prepared via impregnation-calcination. Material characterization (XRD, TEM, XPS, etc.) revealed that Cu and Ce incorporation induced crystal defects in TiO2, enhancing lattice oxygen activity and electron mobility, thereby generating more oxygen vacancies and hydroxyl radicals. Performance evaluation using a TGA-GC-FTIR-MS platform showed that the catalyst with Cu:Ce = 1:1 achieved the best remediation efficiency, reducing the thermal remediation temperature from 250 °C to 211.5 °C and increasing the removal rate by an average of 19.49% compared to the non-catalyst group at the same temperature. The catalyst facilitated stepwise degradation of naphthalene into smaller organic molecules (alcohols, carboxylic acids, aldehydes) and ultimately into H2O and CO2. This work demonstrates that Cu–CeOx/TiO2 significantly lowers the energy demand of thermal remediation, offering a promising approach for low-carbon remediation of organic-contaminated soils.
Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology•2026•DOI: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202607012
This study investigated the effects of lychee wood biochar and lignin-degrading bacteria on compost maturity, substance transformation, and bacterial communities during the coupled process of aerobic composting and vermicomposting of cow dung and rice husk. Four treatments were established: no addition (CK), 5% (w/w) lychee wood biochar addition (T1), 0.5% (w/w) lignin-degrading bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger) addition (T2), and combined addition of 5% biochar and 0.5% bacteria (T3). Results showed that biochar and/or bacteria addition accelerated temperature rise, extended high-temperature duration to 13 days, and increased maximum temperature. Compared to CK, T1–T3 increased organic matter degradation by 3.97%–9.56%, humic acid content by 12.30%–24.09%, available phosphorus and potassium by 14.48%–32.50% and 6.97%–18.85%, respectively. NH3 emissions were reduced by 25.86%–34.26%, while nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen increased by 12.83%–43.34% and 5.73%–13.18%, respectively. Seed germination index improved by 11.62%–29.20%. T3 exhibited the best overall performance. During aerobic composting, biochar and/or bacteria significantly increased relative abundances of Bacteroidota, Planctomycetota, and Acidobacteriota, but effects were not significant during vermicomposting. Functional genera such as Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Chryseolinea were enriched in both stages. The study concludes that adding 5% lychee wood biochar and/or 0.5% lignin-degrading bacteria to cow dung and rice husk in coupled composting-vermicomposting improves bacterial community structure, promotes organic matter degradation, enhances humification, reduces nitrogen loss, and accelerates compost maturity, with combined addition being most effective.
Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering•2026•DOI: 10.12030/j.cjee.202508006
Landfill leachate, characterized by high ammonia nitrogen, high organic load, complex toxic components, and low nitrogen removal efficiency, poses significant environmental challenges. To achieve efficient nitrogen removal, a continuous-flow two-stage anoxic/oxic (A/O) moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) system coupled with anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) was constructed and operated for long-term treatment of actual landfill leachate. After biofilm attachment and multi-gradient acclimation, influent concentrations were gradually increased from low levels (NH4+-N ~200 mg·L−1, COD ~2500–3000 mg·L−1) to high levels (NH4+-N ~1800 mg·L−1, COD ~8500 mg·L−1). During stable operation, average removal efficiencies of NH4+-N and COD reached 97.7% and 66.8%, respectively, with total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency improving to 93.9%. Along the reactor, the first A/O stage achieved major organic degradation and ammonia oxidation, while the second stage facilitated nitrite accumulation and promoted Anammox for synergistic nitrogen removal. High-throughput sequencing revealed Proteobacteria as the dominant phylum (>50%), with denitrifying genera such as Azoarcus and Thauera significantly enriched. Planctomycetota abundance increased from 0.6% to 3.7%, and Candidatus Kuenenia was detected, confirming successful Anammox colonization and participation in nitrogen removal. This study validates the efficient combined nitrogen removal mechanism of the A/O–MBBR system with Anammox, providing theoretical basis and technical support for engineering treatment of high-ammonia wastewater.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2025•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-3465-y
Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) offers a route to stereoscopic displays with wide viewing angles and reduced visual fatigue, yet electrically driven real-time modulation and high luminescence dissymmetry factors (g_lum) remain unresolved. Zhuang and Yu encapsulated macroscopically helical liquid crystals into microspheres, dispersed them in a polymer precursor, and self-positioned the solution above luminescent regions via hydrophilic-hydrophobic surface tension differences. Simultaneous ultraviolet irradiation and heating polymerized the assembly into a multi-microsphere collaborative circular polarizer (MCCP) chiroptically coupled to electroluminescent components through photonic bandgap matching. The resulting electrically controlled CPL microdevice achieved a maximum g_lum of 1.0. Monolithic integration of these microdevices produced a 3D display delivering parallax images to both eyes, enabling depth-information-established imagery when viewed with smart polarized glasses. A depth-sensing apparatus based on binocular disparity visualized depth information for the first time, permitting hand-movement interaction with the 3D imagery. Integration with a motion-synchronized human-machine system allowed a robotic arm to replicate user manipulations remotely and synchronously. In a simulated trapped-personnel rescue scenario, 3D-display-provided depth information enabled remote robotic manipulation for successful rescue with maximum safety guarantee. This work, published as a Science Advances cover article, demonstrates a neoflexible 3D display platform for immersive human-machine interaction.