SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-026-4417-x
Balancing mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and soft magnetic performance in structural-functional integrated materials remains a persistent metallurgical challenge. This study reports a face-centered cubic (FCC) Fe40Co35Ni15Al3Ta2Cr5 (at.%) high-entropy alloy (HEA) that achieves an unprecedented combination of these properties. The alloy exhibits a tensile strength of ~1200 MPa, total elongation of ~25%, saturation magnetization of 101.54 Am2·kg-1, and coercivity of 267.34 A·m-1. These values surpass most reported magnetic HEAs and conventional soft magnetic alloys. In a simulated 3.50 wt.% NaCl seawater environment, the alloy demonstrates a corrosion current density of 3.99 × 10-7 A·cm-2, comparable to 316L stainless steel. The synergy arises from nanoprecipitate engineering within the FCC matrix, which impedes dislocation motion while maintaining magnetic domain wall mobility and promoting a protective passive film. This work provides a design pathway for soft magnetic structural-functional materials suitable for corrosive marine environments, where simultaneous load-bearing and magnetic actuation are required.
Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering•2026•DOI: 10.12030/j.cjee.202509078
The rapid expansion of photovoltaic (PV) installations and the impending retirement of early-stage modules have made the recycling of end-of-life PV modules an urgent issue. This review systematically examines the types and structures of retired PV modules, with a focus on crystalline silicon (c-Si) and thin-film technologies. It critically evaluates the principles, processes, and pros and cons of physical, chemical, pyrolysis, biological, combined, and emerging methods for recovering c-Si modules. The current status of silicon, metal, and valuable component recovery processes is summarized. For thin-film modules, the core technologies for recovering valuable components via pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, biological, and novel approaches are analyzed in depth. Results indicate that conventional methods (physical, chemical, pyrolysis) remain dominant but suffer from high energy consumption, pollution, and chemical usage. Emerging technologies such as biological and green leaching are identified as key research directions, though they face challenges of low technical maturity and high costs. Finally, policy orientations and existing challenges are discussed, and future development directions are proposed, providing significant guidance for the sustainable and large-scale green development of the PV industry.
Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology•2026•DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5813(26)60679-2
Olefin hydroformylation is a pivotal process for synthesizing high-value-added aldehydes, with applications extending from short-chain to long-chain olefins (C6+). Traditional homogeneous catalytic systems suffer from difficulties in separating and recovering precious rhodium (Rh), driving research toward heterogeneous catalytic systems. This review summarizes recent progress in supports for heterogeneous Rh-based catalysts, focusing on the influence of structural regulation strategies of inorganic oxide-supported, porous carbon-supported, organic porous polymer-based, zeolite-supported, and composite-supported catalysts on active site dispersion, regioselectivity, and cycle stability. Key findings include enhanced linear-to-branched (n/i) ratios and turnover frequencies (TOF) achieved through tailored support design. For instance, Rh1/CeO2 with morphology effects demonstrates molecular-level understanding of support effects, while Rh/activated carbon with surface oxygen groups improves catalytic performance in 1-hexene hydroformylation. Porous monophosphine polymers confine atomically dispersed Rh, achieving regioselective hydroformylation. Additionally, Rh-N4 single atoms and Rh clusters dual-active sites on supports yield ultra-high TOF. The review aims to provide insights for rational design of high-performance heterogeneous hydroformylation catalysts, addressing industrial challenges of catalyst recovery and stability.
SCIENCE CHINA Materials•2026•DOI: 10.1007/s40843-025-3960-0
Dry electrode processing offers a solvent-free and scalable pathway toward high-energy lithium metal batteries (LMBs), yet its practical implementation is constrained by tortuous ion/electron transport and weak mechanical cohesion in ultra-thick electrodes. Here, we construct a carbon-coated NASICON-type Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 nanofiber network (LATP@C) that serves as an integrated ionic-electronic scaffold within dry-processed Ni-rich cathodes. The one-dimensional LATP@C fibers form a continuous 3D percolation architecture that couples fast Li+ conduction from the NASICON core with efficient electron transport through the conformal carbon shell. Their rough, oxygen-functionalized surfaces further enhance electrolyte affinity, while the mechanically robust fibrous network bridges NCM811 secondary particles, suppressing crack initiation and preserving structural integrity during cycling. Benefiting from these collective effects, the LATP@C cathode with 100 mg cm−2 loading delivers 203 mA h g−1 at 0.1 C and maintains 96.7% capacity over 35 cycles at 0.2 C. Pouch cells incorporating 60 mg cm−2 LATP@C cathodes retain 80.5% capacity after 50 cycles, highlighting the practical viability of this design.